-Always capitalize the names of geographic divisions like mountains, rivers, islands, oceans, states, countries, towns, cities, continents, and streets.

Geographic Names

For example: United States of America, Mount Everest, Tokyo, New York, Great Britain

 - Capitalize common nouns only when they are a part of proper names, not when they stand alone.

For example:

• River Ravi flows through India and Pakistan.
• The ocean was quite dirty.
• Though Niagara Falls is the most famous tourist attraction, the falls in Cherrapunji are extremely beautiful.

 - The words, which are derived from geographic names but used to convey a special meaning, are not capitalized.

For example: plaster of paris, french fries

 - If the name of a city precedes the name of the state or if name of a state precedes the name of a country in text, then separate the state and country from city and state respectively by commas.

For example:

• The doctor lives in Babylon, New York.
• His office is in San Jose, California.

 - Proper adjectives and sociocultural derivatives from geographic names are capitalized.

For example: This Spanish-speaking lady comes from New York, This is an 81-year-old African-American lady

Proper Names

Names of a person, place, apartment, street, organization should always be capitalized. For example: