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Accommodation: ability of the eye to focus on near and distant objection by changing the convexity of the lens
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Achromatopsia: condition of color blindness of the eyes
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Amblyopia: decreased vision
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Astigmatism: visual condition in which light rays are unevenly focused on the retina due to abnormal curvature of the cornea
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Blepharectomy: excision of lesion of eyelid
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Blepharedema: swelling of eyelid
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Blepharitis: inflammation of eyelid
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Blepharoplegia: paralysis of muscles of eyelid
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Blepharoptosis: drooping of eyelid
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Blepharospasm: twitching or involuntary contraction of eyelid
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Cataract: clouding of lens of eye which results in loss of transparency
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Chemosis: accumulation of the lens of the eye which causes swelling around the cornea
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Choroid: the vascular layer of eyeball between sclera and retina
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Choroiditis: inflammation of choroid
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Choroidopathy: disease of choroid
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Conjunctiva: thin mucous membrane covering the front of the eyeball
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Conjunctival: related to the conjunctiva
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Conjunctivitis: inflammation of conjunctiva
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Cornea: outer transparent portion of the eye, which is continuous with the sclera and through which the light passes
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Dacryadenalgia: pain in tear glands
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Dacryadenitis: inflammation of tear glands
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Dacryorrhea: flow of tears
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Diplopia: double vision
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Epiphora: overflow of tears
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Erythropia: red eye
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Esotropia: condition in which both eyes turn inwards
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Exophthalmos : protrusion of eyeballs
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Exotropia: condition in which both eyes turn outwards
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Fundus: a part of the interior of eyeball which is exposed to view through ophthalmoscope
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Funduscope: instrument to view fundus
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Funduscopic: related to funduscopy
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Funduscopy: examination of the fundus of eye
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Glaucoma: pathologic condition of eye in which intraocular pressure increases
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Hordeolum: a small purulent inflammatory infection of sebaceous gland of eyelid; also called sty
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Hyperopia: farsightedness
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Hypertropia: squint in which the eyes look upward.
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Hypotropia: squint in which eyes look down words.
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Intraocular: inside the eye
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Iridoplasty: surgical repair of the iris
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Iridoplegia: paralysis of the iris
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Iridotomy: incision of the iris
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Iris: pigmented portion of eye which regulates the amount of light coming through the pupil
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Keratitis: inflammation of the cornea
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Keratoplasty: surgical repair of the cornea
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Keratotome: instrument to incise the cornea
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Keratotomy: incision of the cornea
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1aser iridotomy: cutting some fibers of the iris with laser
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Macula: small spot on the retina which is the area of sharpest vision
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Macule: a spot discoloration or thickening of the skin
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Miosis: constriction of the pupil
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Miotic: agents that constrict the pupil
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Myopia: nearsightedness
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Mydriatic: agent that dilates the pupil
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Nystagmus: involuntary oscillation of the eyeballs
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Ophthalmalgia: pain in the eyes
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Ophthalmectomy: excision of an eyeball
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Ophthalmodynia: pain in the eye
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Ophthalmologist: specialist in diseases of the eye
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Ophthalmomalacia: softening of the eye
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Ophthalmoplegia: paralysis of the ocular muscles
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Ophthalmoscope: instrument to view eyes
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Ophthalmus: eye
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Optic: pertaining to the eye
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Optic chiasm: point of crossing of optic nerves
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Optometrist: person who tests visual acuity and prescribes corrective lenses
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Phacoemulsification: process to disintegrate cataract
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Photophobia: marked intolerance to light
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Presbyopia: farsightedness associated with aging
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Pterygium: outward growth of tissue of the eye
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Pupil: the round opening in center of the iris through which light reaches the lens
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Pupillary: relating to the pupil
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Rectus: muscles of the eye
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Retina: innermost layer of the eye, which has nerve endings of the optic nerve
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Retinitis: inflammation of the retina
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Retinoblastoma: malignant sarcoma or neoplasm of the retina
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Retinopathy: any disease of the retina
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Retinoscopy: visual examination of the retina
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Retrobulbar: behind the eyeball
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Sclera: white of the eye, outermost fibrous laver
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Scleritis: inflammation of sclera
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Scleromalacia: softening of sclera
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Sclerostomy: surgical formation of opening in sclera
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Sclerotomy: incision of sclera
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Seton procedure: placing a tube in the anterior chamber to drain the excess fluid and decrease intraocular pressure.
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Slit lamp: instrument consisting of a microscope and a bright thin beam of light to examine an eye
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Strabismus: improper alignment of the eyes
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Sty: infection of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid
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Tonometry: test to measure intraocular pressure
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Trabeculectomy: excision of the trabecular meshwork to treat glaucoma
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Uveitis: inflammation of the uvea
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Visual acuity: clearness of vision
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Vitrectomy: excision of vitreous humor
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Vitreous: relating to vitreous humor
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Vitreous humor: thick, gelatinous substance within the eyeball
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Xanthopsia: a condition of the eye in which everything appears yellowish
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Common Abbreviations
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ace: accommodation
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ARMD: age-related macular degeneration
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Astigm: astigmatism
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D: diopter
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DR: diabetic retinopathy
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Em: emmetropia
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EOM: extraocular movement
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ET: esotropia
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IOL: intraocular lens
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IOD: intraocular pressure
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L&A: light and accommodation
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myop: myopia
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OD: oculus dexter (right eye)
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OS: oculus sinister (left eye)
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OU: oculus unitas (both eyes)
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PAN: periodic alternating nystagmus
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PAM: potential acuity meter
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PERRLA: pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation
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REM: rapid eye movement
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RD: retinal detachment
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st: strabismus
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ung: ointment
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VA: visual acuity
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VF: visual field
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XT: exotropia